Spreadsheet guides

Stack data from several Google Sheets files with VSTACK and IMPORTRANGE, filter it with QUERY, and fix access errors, slow loading and size limits.

Link two Google Sheets: reference cells, pull rows with IMPORTRANGE, and match records by ID with XLOOKUP or VLOOKUP — for one cell or a whole column.

Merge tabs or whole Google Sheets files into one: VSTACK and array literals, QUERY to drop blanks, a source column, and IMPORTRANGE for other files.

A copy-ready Google Apps Script that merges tabs or files into one sheet with a source column, plus how to run it on a schedule with a time-driven trigger.

Run one QUERY over several tabs or ranges in Google Sheets: stack them in { ; }, use Col1 notation, group and sum, and avoid the common errors.

Use Excel's dynamic array functions to combine data: VSTACK and HSTACK across sheets, add a sheet-name column, drop blank rows, dedupe and sort in one formula.

Combine Excel tables by stacking them with VSTACK or Power Query Append, or by joining them on a key with Merge Queries. Structured references explained.

Excel can't merge two pivot tables directly. Combine their source data, relate them in the Data Model, or build a side-by-side report with GETPIVOTDATA.

Combine two sheets in one Excel workbook: stack them with VSTACK or copy-paste, or match them side by side with XLOOKUP. Examples and the pitfalls to avoid.

Three ways to build one pivot table from several sheets: stack them first, use the Data Model with relationships, or the Multiple Consolidation Ranges wizard.

Use Power Query's Excel.CurrentWorkbook to stack every table in a workbook into one sheet, including tables added later, with a column naming each source.

Merge duplicate rows in Excel into one row per value: sum numbers with a pivot table or GROUPBY, join text with TEXTJOIN, or use Power Query Group By.

Compare two columns in Excel row by row or as lists: = and EXACT, Ctrl+\ for row differences, conditional formatting, COUNTIF and XMATCH to find missing values.

Find every difference between two Excel sheets: a difference formula, conditional formatting, View Side by Side, Spreadsheet Compare and key-based checks.

Find values that appear in both lists, or only in one, with COUNTIF, MATCH and ISNUMBER, XMATCH and FILTER — across columns, sheets or workbooks.

Combine two Excel lists into one without duplicates: UNIQUE and VSTACK, Remove Duplicates, keeping the newest row, and a refreshable Power Query version.

Excel formulas, Spreadsheet Compare, Power Query, diff tools, add-ins and browser tools for comparing two spreadsheets: what each finds and its limits.

Design a reusable Excel consolidation template: identical input sheets, a Start/End sandwich, 3D formulas for the summary and check totals that catch errors.

Merge several rows into one in Excel without losing data: TEXTJOIN into one cell, Fill → Justify for text blocks, and consolidating rows that share a key.

Sum with criteria across many Excel sheets: 3D SUM for same-layout sheets, SUMPRODUCT with INDIRECT and a sheet list, or FILTER and VSTACK in Microsoft 365.

Use Excel's Data → Consolidate to combine and summarise ranges from several sheets or workbooks: by position or by label, with links, and its limits.

Combine GA4 properties into one report: roll-up properties (Analytics 360), Looker Studio, or stacking exports in a sheet — and which metrics add up.

Join GA4 landing page data with Search Console clicks and queries: the built-in link, matching URLs correctly, and estimating conversions per search query.

Do an inner join in Excel — keep only rows that match in both tables — with Power Query Merge, or with FILTER, XMATCH and XLOOKUP in Microsoft 365.

Compare two periods in Search Console to find pages losing clicks, then join GA4 conversions to fix the ones that matter most first. Formulas included.

Three reliable ways to join two spreadsheets by a shared ID or email: XLOOKUP, Power Query merge and a SQL-style join — plus the mistakes that break matches.

Join two Excel tables on a shared column with Power Query Merge Queries or XLOOKUP: step-by-step, choosing a join kind, and checking the result.

Combine GA4 conversions and revenue with Google Ads, Meta or LinkedIn cost data by date and campaign to calculate ROAS and cost per conversion in a sheet.

XLOOKUP returns only the first match. Use TEXTJOIN with FILTER to list every matching value in one cell, in Excel and Google Sheets, with older-version options.

Make long lookup and join formulas readable with LET, then turn them into your own reusable Excel function with LAMBDA and the Name Manager.

A clear comparison of VLOOKUP, XLOOKUP and INDEX MATCH: syntax, limitations, compatibility, and when a lookup isn't enough and you need a join.

Combine text from two or more cells in Excel: &, CONCAT and TEXTJOIN, separators and line breaks, skipping blanks, formatted numbers, and joining by condition.

Combine two columns in Excel into one without losing data: the & operator, CONCAT, TEXTJOIN, Flash Fill and Power Query Merge Columns, plus dates and numbers.

Combine text in Google Sheets with &, CONCATENATE, CONCAT, TEXTJOIN and JOIN: differences, separators, skipping blanks and filling a whole column.

Merge cells in Excel with Merge & Center, Merge Across or Merge Cells, unmerge them, find merged cells, and keep every value by combining the text first.

Merge cells in Google Sheets horizontally, vertically or all at once, unmerge them, and combine the contents of cells without losing any data.

Use Center Across Selection to centre a heading over several columns without merging cells: steps, shortcut workarounds, limits and when to use it.

How Merge & Center works in Excel, shortcuts, why it's greyed out, the data it deletes, and Center Across Selection as the safer alternative for headings.

Combine multiple CSV files into one Excel sheet or workbook with Power Query From Folder, and fix delimiter, encoding, leading-zero and date problems.

Merge CSV files on a Mac with one Terminal command that keeps a single header row, or with Excel's Power Query, or in the browser. Copy-ready commands.

Free ways to merge CSV files compared: command line, Excel Power Query, Python, csvkit, Google Sheets and browser tools — headers, columns, size and privacy.

Combine two tables in SQL side by side with JOIN or stacked with UNION and UNION ALL: syntax, examples, column rules and how to choose.

Join three or more tables in SQL: chaining JOIN … ON, mixing inner and left joins safely, aggregating without double counting, and checking row counts.

Merge data frames in R with base merge() or dplyr joins: inner, left, full and anti joins, different key names, and stacking with rbind or bind_rows.

Merge two pandas DataFrames on a key with merge(): inner, left, outer and anti joins, different key names, validate, indicator, and when to use concat.

Combine every Excel or CSV file in a folder with Power Query: the helper queries it creates, filtering files, adding the file name and fixing refresh errors.

Merge two tables in Power BI with Merge Queries in Power Query, or relate them in the model instead. Steps, join kinds, DAX options and how to choose.

Stack tables with Power Query Append Queries in Excel or Power BI: two or more tables, Append vs Append as New, different columns and adding a source column.

Match names that are spelled differently with Power Query fuzzy merge: similarity threshold, ignore case, transformation tables and how to check the matches.

Left outer, right outer, full outer, inner, left anti and right anti joins in Power Query Merge Queries, with the same example for each and when to use them.

Alternatives to Ablebits Merge Tables Wizard for matching and merging Excel tables: XLOOKUP, Power Query Merge, and Analistable — features and trade-offs.

Combine Excel files on a Mac with Power Query From Folder in Microsoft 365, Move or Copy, or a browser tool, plus what's different from Excel for Windows.

Combine Excel files whose columns differ in order, name or number. Fix Power Query dropping columns, align headers, and know when to stack or join.

Three ways to merge Excel files automatically: Power Query refresh on open, a VBA macro that loops through a folder, or a scheduled Power Automate flow.

Combine multiple Excel files into one sheet with Power Query From Folder: every step, how to handle different sheet names, and a no-formula alternative.

Combine two Excel files into one: stack rows when columns match, copy sheets into one workbook, or join side by side on a shared ID. Steps for each case.

Use two Office Scripts and a Power Automate flow to combine Excel workbooks in OneDrive or SharePoint quickly, with copy-ready TypeScript code.

Build a Power Automate flow that merges Excel files from OneDrive or SharePoint into one master table on a schedule, plus the limits that trip people up.

Most online Excel mergers upload your files. Learn which methods keep data on your computer, how to check whether a tool uploads, and why it matters.

Power Query or Analistable for combining spreadsheets? Compare setup, repeatability, joins, Google Sheets support, privacy and when each is the better choice.

Excel's Power Query, VBA, Power Automate, add-ins like Ablebits and Kutools, Python and browser tools for merging Excel files: features, limits and fit.